Question 1

Body fluid pH will rise dramatically when

Accepted Answer

A)   sodium is excreted by the kidney.
B)   large amounts of bicarbonate are ingested.
C)   carbonic acid is formed.
D)   the respiratory rate decreases.
E)   carbon dioxide levels increase.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

Potassium secretion in the renal tubules is regulated by __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Potassium secretion in the renal tubules is...

Question 3

Water moves back and forth across the plasma membrane by the process of

Accepted Answer

A)   osmosis.
B)   filtration.
C)   facilitated diffusion.
D)   active transport.
E)   endocytosis.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

Match the cause with one of the two conditions.
-oversecretion of aldosterone

Accepted Answer

A)  hypernatremia
B)  hyponatremiaC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 5

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Accepted Answer

A)   increases plasma osmolality.
B)   is secreted by the anterior pituitary.
C)   increases water reabsorption in the kidneys.
D)   causes the production of a large volume of urine.
E)   increases urine volume.F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 6

Match the cause with one of the two conditions.
-water loss due to diabetes mellitus

Accepted Answer

A)  hypernatremia
B)  hyponatremiaC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 7

Loss of a large volume of sweat will

Accepted Answer

A)   decrease the hematocrit.
B)   decrease ADH production.
C)   increase the blood pressure.
D)   increase the osmolality of body fluids.
E)   decrease the osmolality of body fluids.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 8

In hypocalcemia,

Accepted Answer

A)   depolarization is prevented.
B)   PTH production is reduced.
C)   blood calcium levels are increased.
D)   neuromuscular excitability increases.
E)   neuromuscular excitability decreases.F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 9

Match the cause with one of the two conditions.
-vitamin D deficiency

Accepted Answer

A)  hypocalcemia
B)  hypercalcemiaC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 10

Indicate which acid-base imbalance is most likely to occur as a result of the condition described.
-hyperventilation

Accepted Answer

A)  respiratory acidosis
B)  respiratory alkalosis
C)  metabolic acidosis
D)  metabolic alkalosisE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 11

Use the following key to choose the best answer.
-(1)  amount of sodium in urine when aldosterone levels are high; (2)  amount of sodium in urine when aldosterone levels are low

Accepted Answer

A)  Choose this if the first item is greater than the second item.
B)  Choose this if the first item is less than the second item.
C)  Choose this if the first item is equal or nearly equal to the second item.D) None of the above
E) All of the above

Question 12

Synovial fluid is a part of which of the following fluid compartments?

Accepted Answer

A)   plasma
B)   interstitial
C)   intracellular
D)   extracellular
E)   cytoplasmF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

Atrial natriuretic hormone increases

Accepted Answer

A)   urine volume.
B)   ADH secretion.
C)   aldosterone secretion.
D)   the reabsorption of sodium ions.
E)   blood volume.F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 14

Prolonged vomiting of stomach contents will result in

Accepted Answer

A)   metabolic acidosis.
B)   metabolic alkalosis.
C)   respiratory acidosis.
D)   respiratory alkalosis.
E)   None of these choices is correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

Parathyroid hormone effects the

Accepted Answer

A)   bones, heart, and blood.
B)   kidney, liver, and spleen.
C)   intestine, kidneys, and bone.
D)   liver, stomach, and small intestine.
E)   stomach, pancreas, and bone.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 16

What characteristic of the plasma membrane is responsible for maintaining the difference between intracellular and extracellular fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)   presence of channels in the membrane
B)   presence of lipids in the membrane
C)   being selectively permeable
D)   high sodium concentration inside the cellE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Increased osmolality of the ECF

Accepted Answer

A)   increases thirst.
B)   inhibits ADH.
C)   increases renin secretion.
D)   increases aldosterone secretion.
E)   decreases thirst.F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 18

Sensible perspiration

Accepted Answer

A)   contains only water.
B)   is water lost through simple evaporation.
C)   is secreted by the sweat glands.
D)   is invisible on the skin.
E)   is secreted by salivary glands.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 19

Which of the following substances releases hydrogen ions into a solution?

Accepted Answer

A)   acids
B)   bases
C)   salts
D)   glucose
E)   waterF) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 20

Most of the calcium in the body is in the

Accepted Answer

A)   bones.
B)   plasma.
C)   kidneys.
D)   GI tract.
E)   extracellular fluid.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Exam 27: Water, Electrolytes, and Acidbase Balance

Match the cause with one of the two conditions. -vitamin D deficiency

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Synovial fluid is a part of which of the following fluid compartments?

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Water moves back and forth across the plasma membrane by the process of

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Prolonged vomiting of stomach contents will result in

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In hypocalcemia,

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Atrial natriuretic hormone increases

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Sensible perspiration

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Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

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Most of the calcium in the body is in the

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Indicate which acid-base imbalance is most likely to occur as a result of the condition described. -hyperventilation

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Use the following key to choose the best answer. -(1) amount of sodium in urine when aldosterone levels are high; (2) amount of sodium in urine when aldosterone levels are low

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Match the cause with one of the two conditions. -oversecretion of aldosterone

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Which of the following substances releases hydrogen ions into a solution?

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What characteristic of the plasma membrane is responsible for maintaining the difference between intracellular and extracellular fluid?

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Increased osmolality of the ECF

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Body fluid pH will rise dramatically when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Loss of a large volume of sweat will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the cause with one of the two conditions. -water loss due to diabetes mellitus

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Parathyroid hormone effects the

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Potassium secretion in the renal tubules is regulated by __________.

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