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The more fragmented the retail system, the more expensive it is for a firm to make contact with each individual retailer.

A) True
B) False

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What factors affect the success of a firm's international communications?

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The effectiveness of a firm's internatio...

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There is a tendency for greater retail concentration in developing countries.

A) True
B) False

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Other things being equal, the rate of new-product development seems to be greater in countries where:


A) less money is spent on basic and applied R&D.
B) consumers are affluent.
C) underlying demand is weak.
D) competition is mild.

E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

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The means a firm chooses for delivering the product to the consumer is its ____.


A) communication strategy
B) segmentation strategy
C) product attributes
D) distribution strategy

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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The use of price as a competitive weapon to drive weaker competitors out of a national market is known as predatory pricing.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements about the choice of distribution strategy is true?


A) The longer a channel, the greater the aggregate markup, and the higher the price that consumers are charged for the final product.
B) If price is an important competitive weapon and if the firm does not want to see its profit margins squeezed, other things being equal, the firm would prefer to use a longer channel.
C) The shorter a channel, the greater the aggregate markup, and the higher the price that consumers are charged for the final product.
D) An international business must use shorter channels in countries where the retail sector is fragmented and longer channels in countries where the retail sector is concentrated.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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For a product development team to function effectively and meet all its development milestones, the team should be composed of at least one member from each key function.

A) True
B) False

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What are the two main issues that managers must be aware of when considering market segmentation in foreign countries?

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There are two key issues that managers m...

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____ occurs whenever a firm sells a product for a price that is less than the cost of producing it.


A) Resale
B) Plunging
C) Bootlegging
D) Dumping

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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The identification of distinct groups of consumers whose purchasing behavior differs from others in important ways is known as ____.


A) market segmentation
B) market penetration
C) diversification strategy
D) differentiation

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Many firms pursuing a(n) ____ pricing strategy on an international scale will price low worldwide in attempting to build global sales volume as rapidly as possible, even if this means taking large losses initially.


A) multipoint
B) experience curve
C) predatory
D) competitive

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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The extent to which the place of manufacturing influences product evaluations is known as ____.


A) source effects
B) country of origin effects
C) noise effects
D) location effects

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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"Creative destruction" makes it important for companies to stay on the leading edge of technology.

A) True
B) False

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The most important determinant of channel length is the degree to which a retail system is ____.


A) concentrated
B) fragmented
C) decentralized
D) globalized

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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When a company charges whatever the market will bear, the company is using:


A) strategic pricing.
B) price discrimination.
C) a push strategy.
D) a pull strategy.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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The need to integrate R&D and marketing to adequately commercialize new technologies poses special problems in the international business because commercialization may require different versions of a new product to be produced for various countries.

A) True
B) False

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If a producer sells through an import agent, a wholesaler, and a retailer, then:


A) a long channel exists.
B) the retail system must be concentrated.
C) the internet probably plays a big role in the economy.
D) there is no channel.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Define market segmentation. What is its goal?

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Market segmentation refers to identifyin...

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Designing for manufacturing increases not only product quality, but also costs involved.

A) True
B) False

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