Question 1

Modern approaches to evolutionary taxonomy often involve

Accepted Answer

A)   biochemical differences.
B)   comparison of DNA and RNA.
C)   protein similarities.
D)   lactose fermentation.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 2

When DNA probes are used to identify bacterial DNA similarities by hybridization, the probe DNA is heated and the template DNA is treated to separate the 2 strands. Why would the probe DNA be heated?

Accepted Answer

A)   This is the only way to properly label the probe DNA.
B)   The probe DNA is single-stranded, but it may have folded back on itself and formed portions that are double-stranded. Heating it up breaks any possible hydrogen bonds that may have formed, returning it to a single-stranded state prior to hybridization.
C)   Heating it up activates the tag on the probe DNA before it hybridizes to the bacterial template DNA.
D)   DNA hybridization can only take place at high temperatures, so all the DNA must be heated up prior to hybridization.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Organisms that grow very slowly, are non-culturable, are present in very small numbers or are mixed with a number of other bacteria may still be identified using

Accepted Answer

A)   Southern blotting.
B)   replica plating.
C)   PCR.
D)   gas chromatography of fatty acids.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

A soluble greenish pigment is produced by

Accepted Answer

A)   Serratia marcescens.
B)   E. coli.
C)   Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
D)   streptococci.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 5

The more closely related two organisms are,

Accepted Answer

A)   the less they look alike.
B)   the more similar the nucleic acid sequence.
C)   the less similar the nucleic acid sequence.
D)   the more they are phenotypically similar.
E)   the more similar the nucleic acid sequence AND the more they are phenotypically similar.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 6

All known species of bacteria are described in Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The name Lactococcus (Streptococcus)  lactis

Accepted Answer

A)   indicates that the subgenus is Streptococcus.
B)   indicates that the family is Lactococcus.
C)   indicates that Streptococcus is the old genus name.
D)   indicates that Lactococcus is the old class name.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 8

To study the phylogeny of eukaryotes

Accepted Answer

A)   16S rRNA is used.
B)   34S rRNA is used.
C)   80S rRNA is used.
D)   18S rRNA is used.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 9

APITM, EnterotubeTM and VitekTM are all

Accepted Answer

A)   methods for extracting DNA from bacteria.
B)   used to measure gas production.
C)   commercially available methods used to identify bacteria.
D)   used to show the presence of bacteria in a sample.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 10

Intracellular Gram-negative diplococci found in a urethral sample from a male is indicative of

Accepted Answer

A)  E. coli.
B)   Pseudomonas.
C)   Streptococcus pneumoniae.
D)   Neisseria gonorrhea.
E)   coli.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Disagreements between conclusions obtained from rDNA data and other techniques may be explained by

Accepted Answer

A)   horizontal DNA transfer.
B)   vertical DNA transfer.
C)   the difference in translation machinery.
D)   vertical RNA transfer.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Streptococcus pyogenes can be easily distinguished microscopically from other Streptococcus species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Media that changes color as a result of the biochemical activity of growing bacteria

Accepted Answer

A)   usually contain a pH indicator in the media.
B)   usually contain blood.
C)   usually require the addition of various reagents before the color is evident.
D)   is due to a breakdown of a colorless reagent.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 14

A selective growth medium

Accepted Answer

A)   allows only certain bacteria to grow.
B)   allows all bacteria to grow.
C)   allows no bacteria to grow.
D)   accentuates differences between the growing bacteria.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 15

An early attempt by Cohn at bacterial classification grouped bacteria according to their

Accepted Answer

A)   biochemistry.
B)   Gram stain.
C)   shape.
D)   arrangement.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Two isolates with identical RFLPs are considered

Accepted Answer

A)   the same strain.
B)   different strains.
C)   possibly the same strain.
D)   different genera.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 17

Phylogenetic relationships between prokaryotes are most accurately determined using

Accepted Answer

A)   phenotypic characterizations.
B)   genotypic information.
C)   the fossil record.
D)   carbon dating.
E)   phenotypic characterizations AND genotypic information.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 18

Size and shape may allow one to differentiate between a bacterium, fungus, or protozoan.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the rRNA molecules has proven the most useful in taxonomy/identification?

Accepted Answer

A)   5S
B)   80S
C)   16S
D)   23SE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

If each of two bacteria have a %GC of 50%, this means that they are both definitely closely related.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 10: Identification and Classification of Prokaryotes

To study the phylogeny of eukaryotes

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If each of two bacteria have a %GC of 50%, this means that they are both definitely closely related.

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Two isolates with identical RFLPs are considered

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All known species of bacteria are described in Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology.

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A selective growth medium

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Streptococcus pyogenes can be easily distinguished microscopically from other Streptococcus species.

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When DNA probes are used to identify bacterial DNA similarities by hybridization, the probe DNA is heated and the template DNA is treated to separate the 2 strands. Why would the probe DNA be heated?

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Disagreements between conclusions obtained from rDNA data and other techniques may be explained by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Phylogenetic relationships between prokaryotes are most accurately determined using

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the rRNA molecules has proven the most useful in taxonomy/identification?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The more closely related two organisms are,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Organisms that grow very slowly, are non-culturable, are present in very small numbers or are mixed with a number of other bacteria may still be identified using

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Size and shape may allow one to differentiate between a bacterium, fungus, or protozoan.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A soluble greenish pigment is produced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Modern approaches to evolutionary taxonomy often involve

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An early attempt by Cohn at bacterial classification grouped bacteria according to their

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

APITM, EnterotubeTM and VitekTM are all

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Intracellular Gram-negative diplococci found in a urethral sample from a male is indicative of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The name Lactococcus (Streptococcus) lactis

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Media that changes color as a result of the biochemical activity of growing bacteria

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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API^TM, Enterotube^TM and Vitek^TM are all

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Correct Answer
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